DCS Wiki

Máte načítanú staršiu verziu dokumentu! Pokiaľ ju uložíte, vytvoríte tým novú aktuálnu verziu.

====== PlayGround ======
[[pokus]]

'''Free and open-source software''' ('''F/OSS''', '''FOSS''') or  '''free/libre/open-source software''' ('''FLOSS''') is software that is both [[free software]] and [[open source]]. It is [[free software licence|liberally licensed]] to grant users the right to use, copy, study, change, distribute, and improve its design through the availability of its [[source code]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Free Software Foundation|title=What is free software?|url=http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html|accessdate=14 December 2011}}</ref>

This approach has ABCD gained both momentum and acceptance as the potential benefits{{clarification needed|date=April 2012}} have been increasingly recognized by individuals and corporations.<ref>{{citation
|url = http://www.informatika.sk
|title = LinuxWorld Showcases Open-Source Growth, Expansion
|accessdate =25 November 2007
|last = Hatlestad
|first = Luc
|date = 9 August 2005
|work = InformationWeek
|publisher = CMP Media, LLC
|archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5Tchd69ij
|archivedate = 25 November 2007
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.informationweek.com/windows/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196901596&subSection=Open+Source
|title = Study Finds Open Source Benefits Business
|dateformat =
|accessdate =11  2 5 2007
|last = Claburn
|first = Thomas
|date =  17 January 2007 |work = InformationWeek
|publisher = CMP Media LLC
|archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5TchF5fkl
|archivedate = 25 November 2007
}}</ref>

The '''Moving Picture Experts Group''' ('''MPEG''') is a [[working group]] of experts that was formed by [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]] and [[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]] to set standards for [[audio compression (data)|audio]] and [[video compression]] and transmission.<ref name="TMH-2">John Watkinson, ''The MPEG Handbook'', p.1</ref> It was established in 1988 by the initiative of [[Hiroshi Yasuda]] ([[Nippon Telegraph and Telephone]]) and [[Leonardo Chiariglione]]<ref>{{citation |url=http://users.ipfw.edu/reddpv01/mp3Genesis.pdf | format=PDF | |title=Genesis of the MP3 Audio Coding Standard |author=Hans Geog Musmann |accessdate=2011-07-26}}</ref>, group Chair since its inception. The first MPEG meeting was in May 1988 in Ottawa, Canada.<ref name="about-mpeg">{{cite web |url=http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/about_mpeg.htm |title=About MPEG |publisher=chiariglione.org |accessdate=2009-12-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/meetings.htm |title='''MPEG''' Meetings |publisher=chiariglione.org |accessdate=2009-12-13}}</ref><ref name="chiariglione-history">{{cite web |url=http://ride.chiariglione.org/faultline.htm |title=Riding the Media Bits, The Faultline |author=chiariglione.org |date=2009-09-06 |accessdate=2010-02-09}}</ref> As of late 2005, MPEG has grown to include approximately 350 members per meeting from various industries, universities, and research institutions. MPEG's official designation is [[ISO/IEC JTC1]]/SC29 WG11 - ''Coding of moving pictures and audio'' (ISO/IEC Joint Technical Committee 1, Subcommittee 29, Working Group 11).<ref name="wg11-structure">{{cite web |url=http://www.itscj.ipsj.or.jp/sc29/29w12911.htm |title=ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29, SC 29/WG 11 Structure (ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 - Coding of Moving Pictures and Audio) |author=ISO, IEC |date=2009-11-05 |accessdate=2009-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://wg11.sc29.org/index.xalter |title=MPEG - Moving Picture Experts Group |author=MPEG Committee |accessdate=2009-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iso.org/iso/prods-services/popstds/mpeg.html |title=MPEG Standards - Coded representation of video and audio |author=ISO | accessdate=2009-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iso.org/iso/standards_development/technical_committees/list_of_iso_technical_committees/iso_technical_committee.htm?commid=45316 |title=JTC 1/SC 29 - Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and hypermedia information |author=ISO |accessdate=2009-11-11}}</ref>

In the context of [[Free software|free]] and [[open-source software]], ''free'' refers to the freedom to copy and re-use the software, rather than to the price of the software. The [[Free Software Foundation]], an organization that advocates the free software model, suggests that, to understand the concept, one should "think of free as in free speech, not as in free beer".<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html
|publisher = GNU.org
|title = The Free Software Definition
|accessdate =4 February 2010}}
</ref>

FOSS is an inclusive term that covers both [[free software]] and [[open source software]], which despite describing similar development models, have differing cultures and philosophies.<ref>Feller (2005), p. 89, 362</ref> In the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, it was normal for computer users to have the freedoms that are provided by free software.

Free software focuses on the fundamental freedoms it gives to users, whereas open source software focuses on the perceived strengths of its peer-to-peer development model.<ref>Feller (2005), pp. 101–106, 110–111.</ref> FOSS is a term that can be used without particular bias towards either political approach.

[[Free software licence]]s and [[open source license]]s are used by [[List of open source software packages|many software packages]]. While the licenses themselves are in most cases the same, the two terms grew out of different philosophies and are often used to signify different distribution methodologies.<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.gnu.org.ua/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html
|title = Why "Free Software" is better than "Open Source"
|accessdate =25 November 2007
|last = Barr
|first = Joe
|year = 1998
|publisher = [[Free Software Foundation]]
|archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5TchyyzYm
|archivedate = 25 November 2007
}}</ref>

Komentár k úpravám

DCS Wiki

Nástroje používateľa

Nástoje správy stránok

Nástoje stránky